Demonstratives: ky, kjo, ai, ajo
Ky "this" (m.), kjo "this" (f.), këta "these" (m.), këto "these" (f.) are for what is near; ai, ajo, ata, ato are for what is far: "that, those". They are the same words as "he, she, they". The noun after them is in the indefinite form: ky libër — "this book".
"This"
| case | m. sg. | f. sg. | m. pl. | f. pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. | ky | kjo | këta | këto |
| Acc. | këtë | këtë | këta | këto |
| Dat., abl. | këtij | kësaj | këtyre | këtyre |
"That"
The genitive uses the same forms with an article in front: libri i atij djali — "that boy's book".
| case | m. sg. | f. sg. | m. pl. | f. pl. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. | ai | ajo | ata | ato |
| Acc. | atë | atë | ata | ato |
| Dat., abl. | atij | asaj | atyre | atyre |
With a noun
The demonstrative comes before the noun, and the noun is in the indefinite form: ky djalë — "this boy", kjo vajzë — "this girl", këta djem, këto vajza. Both words change case: Dua këtë libër — "I want this book", I fola këtij djali — "I spoke to this boy".
"This is", "here is", "here"
Ky është…, Kjo është… — "This is…" (about something near): Kjo është shtëpia ime — "This is my house". "Here is" is ja: Ja çelësat! — "Here are the keys!". "Here" and "there" are këtu and atje.