Optative and admirative: Paç fat!, qenka
You only need to recognise two more moods. The optative (dëshirore) is used for wishes: Paç fat! — "Good luck!". The admirative (habitore) shows surprise or a discovery: Qenka ftohtë sot! — "Oh, it's cold today!".
The optative: wishes
It is usually recognised by -fsh- and -ftë: rroj "to live" → Rrofsh! — "Thanks!" (literally "may you live long!"), Rroftë! — "Long live!"; jam → Qofsh i bekuar! — "May you be blessed!"; kam has its own form: Paç fat! — "Good luck!". On a birthday: U bëfsh njëqind vjeç! — "May you live to a hundred!". Në qoftë se "if" comes from here too: literally "if it be that".
The admirative: "so it turns out"
The endings -kam, -ke, -ka, -kemi, -keni, -kan are added to the short participle: qenë → qenka, pasur → paska. This is how people talk about something that surprised them or that they have just found out: Ai paska një makinë të re! — "So he has a new car!", Ju paskeni të drejtë — "You're right, I see".
| person | jam | kam |
|---|---|---|
| unë | qenkam | paskam |
| ti | qenke | paske |
| ai, ajo | qenka | paska |
| ne | qenkemi | paskemi |
| ju | qenkeni | paskeni |
| ata, ato | qenkan | paskan |
In the past
With a participle it is a discovery about the past: Paska rënë shi — "It has rained, I see" (the street is wet), Paskam harruar — "Oh, I've forgotten".